43694.
Unidentified cross dresser.
People-PP
43696.
Clerical man, possibly a rabbi.
43697.
Elisabeth Baker, Sherwood, N.Y. Aged 92 years 3 months and 8 days. 11/2/72.
43698.
Elisabeth Baker. Aged 84 years & 8 Months. Printed 3rd M?? 14th 1865.
43702.
Carrie F. Young, MD. 1884. First woman to receive a medical diploma in California. Also a suffragette. She is likely holding her diploma.
43705.
Gentleman at leisure.
43715.
“Right Bower,” the jack of the trump suit, the highest card in the game of euchre except for the joker. (D)
43725.
Lizzie Beal.
43729.
Free Lunch To Day Nov 18 ’65 Come One Come All to Hungry Hall.
43731.
Cigar-smoking gentleman shining his shoes.
43732.
Harry Rehodes dressed as a samurai.
43733.
Henry S. Tanner, M.D. of Minneapolis, Minn. After he had fasted 16 days, in Clarendon Hall, New York City. Tanner fasted 40 days in NYC in 1880. Tanner Spring in Central Park is named for him. He drank from there during his fast.
Henry Samuel Tanner (February 7, 1831 – December 28, 1918) was an eclectic doctor who advocated fasting. He fasted for 40 days in Manhattan, New York City in 1880.He was born on February 7, 1831, in England to Hannah and Samuel Tanner. He was a graduate of the Eclectic Medical Institute in Cincinnati (class of 1859). He claimed to have completed a 42 day fast in 1879, but was unable to prove it. On June 28, 1880, he began a forty-day fast in Manhattan. His first meal after completing the fast was milk, watermelon, and half a pound of beefsteak. On his 81st birthday, in 1911 he proposed an 80 day fast in Los Angeles, California. He died on December 28, 1918, in San Diego, California. On June 28, 1880, Tanner began a forty days’ fast at Clarendon Hall in Manhattan. After originally intending to go without food or water, he was persuaded to drink, before going without water from the second to the tenth day. Tanner lost almost 40 pounds by the conclusion of the experiment, and against the advice of his doctors began consuming meat, fruits, wine and milk immediately after.
Because no one believed his claim that he had fasted for 42 days, in January 1880, Tanner, a practitioner of hygienic medicine, announced that he would repeat his experiment to show that humans can survive without food and would agree to submit himself to be placed “under the care of any medical society” that would provide adequate housing. On June 30, Tanner began his attempt to duplicate his 40-day fast and after the 6th day, the New York Times began a series of articles chronicling his day –to-day progress, each dispatch becoming more ominous in its anticipation that his death by starvation was imminent. As the twelfth night approached, a Times headline announced that “The End [was] Predicted to be at Hand” But rather than deteriorating, by the twentieth day, Tanner’s condition improved and he “looked and acted better than ever”. On August 7, the Times reported that a crowd of over 2,000 would witness Tanner break his 40-day fast at midnight. The usual admission price of 25 cents was raised to half a dollar resulting in a box office take of over $2,000. The many doctors on hand still expected him to keel over though upon re-feeding and although he re-fed on milk (which today would be strongly discouraged) he suffered only minimal nausea and some vomiting. A few days later the Times began reporting on Tanner’s recovery, gaining back some of his weight and that by September 10, the “fasting doctor” had launched a lecture tour touting “starvation” as a cure for disease.
Tanner’s Spring is located mid-park, just west of the Great Lawn Today, it looks to be more of a puddle that one an active spring. Its name commemorates Dr. Henry S. Tanner, a proponent of therapeutic fasting, who, in the summer of 1880, elected to fast under constant observation for forty days and nights, supplied only by water from this very spring. M.M. Graff, in relating the story in her wonderful book “Tree Trails of Central Park”, observed “The legend quite naturally arose that the water of the spring contained some magically concentrated nutrients”. Before the construction of the park, the spring provided water for the community of Seneca Village, which was located to the north of Summit Rock, which at the time was called “Goat Hill”. The spring is just south of the hill, which boasts the highest natural elevation in the park, and is also a favorite observation post for birders.
43734.
Miss Dodd, a classmate at the M.I.T. biology in a corner of the library.
43738.
The West Fitchburg Star, Prof. J.F. Ryder, Great Novelty Artist. He is pictured with his limberjacks. An Albert melodeon is on the floor.
43739.
Man with shotgun, boy with dog.
43744.
Harry C. Morse, the Little Trout Fisher.
43754.
Anticipation and Reality. (D)
43756.
Mother Burnham’s Father. In uniform with Olean Cornet Band drum.
43759.
Bedridden man under crazy quilt.
43779.
Character in patchwork outfit and conical hat.
43780.
Woman by the gate.
43781.
Frederick Swartwout Cozzens (1818-1869), American humorist who sometimes wrote under the pen name Richard Haywarde. Cozzens was born in New York City on 5 March 1818. In early life, he became a wine merchant. Beginning in 1854, he was the proprietor and editor of Cozzens’ Wine Press, a magazine on the culture of wine. In its issues, which he ran until 1861, he particularly promoted American wines. Cozzens had previously contributed humorous poems and articles to magazines, and in 1853 he issued his first volume, Prismatics, under the pen name “Richard Haywarde.” Then came The Sparrowgrass Papers, first published in The Knickerbocker, and collected in book form in 1856. The book, which was immediately popular and also published under the name Haywarde, followed a family that moved from New York City to the countryside in Yonkers. Three years later (1859) he published a volume of travel sketches, Acadia; or a Sojourn among the Blue Noses. The book reported on the difficulties of blacks who settled in Nova Scotia along the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. Soon after the Civil War he failed in a business for which he had labored earnestly, especially by promoting the sale of native wines, and retired from Yonkers to Rahway, New Jersey. His other works include Poems (1867) and a Memorial of Fitz-Greene Halleck (1868). He was married with Susan (Meyers) Cozzens and was the father of the marine artist Fred S. Cozzens (1846-1928). Died 23 December 1869 on a visit to Brooklyn, New York.
43786.
Two buddies seated with some room between them. Behind them, and seated backwards is another man.
43792.
A Parsee Servant.
From The Stereoscopic Magazine, 1865, published by Lovell Reeve & Co., London.
43793.
The Hindoo Bangle-Seller.
From The Stereoscopic Magazine, 1865, published by Lovell Reeve & Co., London.
43795.
The Indian Cheetah.
From The Stereoscopic Magazine, 1865, published by Lovell Reeve & Co., London.
43796.
The Bheastie, or Water-Carrier.
From The Stereoscopic Magazine, 1865, published by Lovell Reeve & Co., London.
43797.
The Tiger in India.
From The Stereoscopic Magazine, 1865, published by Lovell Reeve & Co., London.
43803.
Man on horseback holding child in front of a Toll House.
43808.
Front row on floor: Fred Lightfoot, Jim Klar, Jerry Slutzsky; Rear row: Margaret Lightfoot, Linda Slutzsky, Margaret Klar.
43809.
The Statue of Wm. Penn crowned by Fred’k Coombs. Frederick Coombs (sometimes Willie Coombs and also known as George Washington II) was an eccentric who lived in San Francisco in the 19th century and believed himself to be George Washington. For a time he was as popular a figure as Joshua A. Norton, the “Emperor of the United States and Protector of Mexico”, and his deeds were reported in the local newspapers. He left the city after a feud with Norton, who he thought was jealous of his “reputation with the fairer sex” and moved to New York City. Little is known of his early life. According to his own account, he was born in England in 1803. Coombs was apparently a phrenologist by trade, though he was also an accomplished photographer, daguerreotypist, inventor, and possibly a marriage broker. He had travelled throughout the west during the 1830s giving demonstrations of phrenology, apparently accompanied by a giant and a dwarf, and published at least one book on the subject, 1841’s Popular Phrenology, in which the features of George Washington’s skull are praised on the introductory page. He was interested in railways and designed a type of electric locomotive that enjoyed some minor success as a curiosity but was never put into large scale production. In 1848 he visited England where he obtained some commissions for the use of his engine, and claimed to have received a proposition to supply his engine to the Russians. He spent five years in England before returning to the United States.
Coombs was active as a photographer in the 1850s on the West Coast. Some time before 1863 he appeared in San Francisco, either claiming to be George Washington from the outset, or by other accounts, setting up his phrenology business and entertaining fashionable society with readings of their skulls. According to this second story, he was generally known as “Professor” Freddy Coombs and resembled George Washington so much that after many comments, he became convinced that he was the former President of The United States and took to dressing in uniform.
He wore a Continental Army uniform of tanned buckskin, and set up his headquarters at the saloon of Martin and Horton, where he would study maps while planning his campaigns for the Revolutionary War. He was reported to have spent a winter starving himself until he was convinced by concerned friends that the Battle of Valley Forge was over. In his office as President he composed letters to the United States Congress and issued proclamations, just as Norton did.
During the day he would often be seen in Montgomery Street wearing a powdered wig and tricorne hat and carrying a banner proclaiming himself “The Great Matrimonial Candidate”. Initially he, Norton, and the two well-known stray dogs Bummer and Lazarus drew equal interest from the San Francisco newspapers who delighted in recounting their exploits. Coombs appears in a couple of satirical cartoons by Edward Jump alongside Norton and the dogs: in Ambling along Montgomery Street he appears in the centre of the picture in full uniform holding a banner with the words “And Still They Go Marching On”, while in The Funeral of Lazarus he features as the gravedigger while Norton performs the ceremony.
Although short, balding, and rotund, Coombs was pompous and vain, and thought himself to be a ladies’ man. He believed this formed the basis of his dispute with Emperor Norton. Norton had torn down some posters that Coombs had put up in Montgomery Street and Coombs reported him to the police. As it was not a criminal offence the police told him they could do nothing, so in an attempt to raise funds for a civil action he sold his story to the Alta California newspaper. When the reporter asked him why Norton would have done such a thing Coombs replied that he “was jealous of my reputation with the fairer sex”. This caused great amusement and a few days later the Alta California published a story mocking both the men in which they reported that the “light of insanity” could be seen in Coombs’s eyes. Norton and Coombs, both convinced of their sanity, demanded a retraction, but Norton also issued his own proclamation against Coombs in which he ordered the Chief of Police to:
[…] seize upon the person of Professor Coombs, falsely called Washington No. 2, as a seditious and turbulent fellow, and to have him sent forthwith, for his own good and the public good, to the State Lunatic Asylum for at least thirty days.
Coombs left the city immediately, presumably for New York, as in 1868 he was discovered there by Mark Twain, still believing himself to be Washington and still convinced of the effect of his charms on the ladies, whom he entertained by displaying his legs on street corners. Twain reported that he travelled around New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington selling photos of himself visiting Benjamin Franklin’s grave for 25 cents. When the William Penn Mansion in Philadelphia was proposed for demolition he asked Congress to give it to him. After it was torn down he switched to demanding the Washington Monument.
Coombs died in New York City on April 9, 1874.
43810.
California Strawberries. Our home, Robert Williams & Florence Shepherd.
43836.
Trying on His New Boots.
43838.
4 Pipe-smokers with sticks out for a march.
43839.
Backwards man holding child.
44363.
44571.
Mrs. M.A. Maxwell, in the Work Room.
44572.
Mrs. M.A. Maxwell, in the Field.